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Compare Hong Kong (2004) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003)
Compare Hong Kong (2004) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003)
| Hong Kong (2004) | Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003) | |
 |  Islands-2003-bmala.jpg) | |
| Administrative divisions | none (special administrative region of China) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 14.2% (male 510,702; female 465,145)
15-64 years: 73.3% (male 2,461,914; female 2,560,382) 65 years and over: 12.5% (male 394,697; female 462,285) (2004 est.) |
0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fresh vegetables, poultry, fish, pork | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts |
| Airports | 4 (2003 est.) | 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 4
over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total: 1,092 sq km
land: 1,042 sq km water: 50 sq km |
total: 14 sq km
land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
| Area - comparative | six times the size of Washington, DC | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | Occupied by the UK in 1841, Hong Kong was formally ceded by China the following year; various adjacent lands were added later in the 19th century. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and the UK on 19 December 1984, Hong Kong became the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 1 July 1997. In this agreement, China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be imposed on Hong Kong and that Hong Kong will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years. | There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William Keeling discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. |
| Birth rate | 7.23 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $26.17 billion
expenditures: $32.64 billion, including capital expenditures of $5 billion (2003) |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | - | West Island |
| Climate | tropical monsoon; cool and humid in winter, hot and rainy from spring through summer, warm and sunny in fall | tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year |
| Coastline | 733 km | 26 km |
| Constitution | Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution" | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
conventional short form: Hong Kong local long form: Xianggang Tebie Xingzhengqu local short form: Xianggang abbreviation: HK |
conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
| Currency | Hong Kong dollar (HKD) | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 5.98 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $59.21 billion (2003 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | special administrative region of China | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Consul General James KEITH
consulate(s) general: 26 Garden Road, Hong Kong mailing address: PSC 461, Box 1, FPO AP 96521-0006 telephone: [852] 2523-9011 FAX: [852] 2524-0860 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (special administrative region of China) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Hong Kong has a free market economy highly dependent on international trade. Natural resources are limited, and food and raw materials must be imported. Imports and exports, including reexports, each exceed GDP in dollar value. Even before Hong Kong reverted to Chinese administration on 1 July 1997 it had extensive trade and investment ties with China. Hong Kong has been further integrating its economy with China because China's growing openness to the world economy has increased competitive pressure on Hong Kong's service industries, and Hong Kong's re-export business from China is a major driver of growth. Per capita GDP compares with the level in the four big economies of Western Europe. GDP growth averaged a strong 5% in 1989-1997, but Hong Kong suffered two recessions in the past 6 years because of the Asian financial crisis in 1998 and the global downturn of 2001-2002. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak also battered Hong Kong's economy, but a boom in tourism from the mainland because of China's easing of travel restrictions, a return of consumer confidence, and a solid rise in exports resulted in the resumption of strong growth in late 2003. | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. |
| Electricity - consumption | 37.12 billion kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 1.581 billion kWh (2001) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 10.36 billion kWh (2001) | - |
| Electricity - production | 30.48 billion kWh (2001) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Tai Mo Shan 958 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | air and water pollution from rapid urbanization | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Marine Dumping (associate member) | - |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 95%, other 5% | Europeans, Cocos Malays |
| Exchange rates | Hong Kong dollars per US dollar - 7.7868 (2003), 7.7989 (2002), 7.7988 (2001), 7.7912 (2000), 7.7575 (1999) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President of China HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003)
head of government: Chief Executive TUNG Chee-hwa (since 1 July 1997) cabinet: Executive Council consists of seven non-official members and 14 official members; including Chief Secretary Donald TSANG Yam-kuen (since 1 May 2001), Financial Secretary Henry TANG (since 2 August 2003), and Secretary of Justice Elsie LEUNG (since 1 July 1997) elections: TUNG Chee-hwa was elected to a second term in March 2002 by an 800-member election committee dominated by pro-Beijing forces; the next election is scheduled to be held in 2007 |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator (nonresident) William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | electrical machinery and appliances, textiles, apparel, footwear, watches and clocks, toys, plastics, precious stones | copra |
| Exports - partners | China 42.6%, US 18.7%, Japan 5.4% (2003) | Australia (1999) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | red with a stylized, white, five-petal bauhinia flower in the center | the flag of Australia is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $213 billion (2003 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 0.1%
industry: 12.1% services: 87.9% (2003 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $28,800 (2003 est.) | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3.3% (2003 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 22 15 N, 114 10 E | 12 30 S, 96 50 E |
| Geography - note | more than 200 islands | islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
| Heliports | 2 (2003 est.) | - |
| Highways | total: 1,831 km
paved: 1,831 km unpaved: 0 km (1999 est.) |
total: 15 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | Makes strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces difficult challenges in controlling transit of heroin and methamphetamine to regional and world markets; modern banking system provides a conduit for money laundering; rising indigenous use of synthetic drugs, especially among young people | - |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | electrical machinery and appliances, textiles, foodstuffs, transport equipment, raw materials, semimanufactures, petroleum, plastics; a large share is reexported | foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | China 43.5%, Japan 11.9%, Taiwan 6.9%, US 5.5%, Singapore 5%, South Korea 4.8% (2003) | Australia (1999) |
| Independence | none (special administrative region of China) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | -9.2% (2003 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | textiles, clothing, tourism, banking, shipping, electronics, plastics, toys, watches, clocks | copra products and tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 2.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.16 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -2.6% (2003 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | APEC, AsDB, BIS, ICC, ICFTU, IHO, IMF, IMO (associate), Interpol (subbureau), IOC, ISO (correspondent), UPU, WCL, WCO, WMO, WToO (associate), WTO | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 20 sq km (1998 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Court of Final Appeal in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | 3.5 million (2003 est.) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | manufacturing 8.2%, construction 2.9%, wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels 43.5%, financing, insurance, and real estate 19.5%, transport and communications 7.8%, community and social services 17.8% (Note: above data exclude public sector) (2002 est.) | the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others |
| Land boundaries | total: 30 km
regional border: China 30 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 5.05%
permanent crops: 1.01% other: 93.94% (2001) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Chinese (Cantonese), English; both are official | Malay (Cocos dialect), English |
| Legal system | based on English common law | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (60 seats; in 2004 30 seats indirectly elected by functional constituencies, 30 elected by popular vote; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 12 September 2004 (next to be held in September 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - pro-democracy group 62%; seats by party - (pro-Beijing 34) DAB 12, Liberal Party 10, independents 11, FTU 1; (pro-democracy 25) independents 11, Democratic Party 9, CTU 2, ADPL 1, Frontier Party 1, NWSC 1 |
unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 81.39 years
male: 78.72 years female: 84.3 years (2004 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 93.5% male: 96.9% female: 89.6% (2002) |
- |
| Location | Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 3 nm | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 663 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 20,478,042 GRT/34,554,455 DWT
by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 364, cargo 78, chemical tanker 23, combination bulk 2, combination ore/oil 3, container 97, liquefied gas 20, multi-functional large load carrier 1, petroleum tanker 60, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 4, short-sea/passenger 1, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 4 foreign-owned: Australia 2, Belgium 1, British Virgin Islands 1, China 178, Cyprus 1, Denmark 3, France 2, Germany 14, Greece 4, India 9, Indonesia 2, Japan 22, South Korea 2, Malaysia 3, Monaco 9, Norway 16, Panama 4, Philippines 17, Singapore 22, Taiwan 3, Thailand 1, United Kingdom 22, United States 1 registered in other countries: 569 (2004 est.) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of China | defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; Hong Kong garrison of China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) including elements of the PLA Ground Forces, PLA Navy, and PLA Air Force; these forces are under the direct leadership of the Central Military Commission in Beijing and under administrative control of the adjacent Guangzhou Military Region | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | Hong Kong garrison is funded by China; figures are NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA (FY02) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 1,878,574 (2004 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 1,404,705 (2004 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males: 41,821 (2004 est.) | - |
| National holiday | National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 1 July 1997 is celebrated as Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Establishment Day | NA |
| Nationality | noun: Chinese/Hong Konger
adjective: Chinese/Hong Kong |
noun: Cocos Islander(s)
adjective: Cocos Islander |
| Natural hazards | occasional typhoons | cyclone season is October to April |
| Natural resources | outstanding deepwater harbor, feldspar | fish |
| Net migration rate | 5.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood or ADPL [Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [Alex CHAN Kai-chung]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong or DAB [MA Lik, chairman]; Democratic Party [LEE Wing-tat, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing, chairwoman]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]
note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood, Democratic Party, Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party |
none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (pro-China); Chinese Manufacturers' Association of Hong Kong; Confederation of Trade Unions (pro-democracy) [LAU Chin-shek, president; LEE Cheuk-yan, general secretary]; Federation of Hong Kong Industries; Federation of Trade Unions (pro-China) [CHENG Yiu-tong, executive councilor]; Hong Kong Alliance in Support of the Patriotic Democratic Movement in China [Szeto WAH, chairman]; Hong Kong and Kowloon Trade Union Council (pro-Taiwan); Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce; Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union [CHEUNG Man-kwong, president]; The Alliance [Bernard CHAN, exco member] | none |
| Population | 6,855,125 (July 2004 est.) | 630 (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.65% (2004 est.) | 0% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Hong Kong | none; lagoon anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 9, shortwave 0 (2004) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | eclectic mixture of local religions 90%, Christian 10% | Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
- |
| Suffrage | direct election 18 years of age; universal for permanent residents living in the territory of Hong Kong for the past seven years; indirect election limited to about 200,000 members of functional constituencies and an 800-member election committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies | NA |
| Telephone system | general assessment: modern facilities provide excellent domestic and international services
domestic: microwave radio relay links and extensive fiber-optic network international: country code - 852; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 2 Indian Ocean); coaxial cable to Guangzhou, China; access to 5 international submarine cables providing connections to ASEAN member nations, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe |
general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system
domestic: NA international: telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 3,801,300 (2003) | 287 (1992) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 7,241,400 (2003) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 4 (2004) | NA |
| Terrain | hilly to mountainous with steep slopes; lowlands in north | flat, low-lying coral atolls |
| Total fertility rate | 0.91 children born/woman (2004 est.) | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 7.9% (2003) | 60% (2000 est.) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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